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Title: :  RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS
PaperId: :  26853
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 11 Issue 3 2025
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-26853
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
GABRIEL D. GARILTIONG HEN SO MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL, MATNOG SORSOGON
ANA CRISTINA G. FORTESSORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY - GRADUATE SCHOOL, SORSOGON CITY

Abstract

EDUCATION - ENGLISH
genre analysis, L2 writing, linguistic markers, rhetorical patterns, ChatGPT
This study examined rhetorical patterns and linguistic markers in students’ essays across three genres: narrative, argumentative, and persuasive. Analyzing 75 essays, it identified genre-specific conventions alongside persistent grammatical issues. Despite these, students demonstrated emerging genre awareness through consistent use of temporal adverbs, modal verbs, and emotive language to fulfill rhetorical functions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative analysis with quantitative frequency counts of key markers. The study reported a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.71 in interrater reliability, indicating substantial agreement between raters and validating the AI- assisted (ChatGPT) analysis. Findings show that narrative essays relied on chronological sequencing, argumentative essays featured hedging and appeals to authority, and persuasive texts emphasized emotional appeal and rhetorical questioning. To address observed gaps, the Genre-based Approach to Rhetorical Instruction and Literacy (G.A.R.I.L.) was developed. This supplementary resource includes genre-specific modules, L1-L2 contrastive tasks, and assessment tools aligned with DepEd competencies. A follow-up expert review yielded a Kappa of 0.76, supporting the content validity of G.A.R.I.L. Overall, the study confirms that L2 writers can produce genre- sensitive rhetoric. G.A.R.I.L. aims to enhance instructional practices by promoting reflective, persuasive, and evidence-based writing among Filipino learners.

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IJARIIE GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. "RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 11 Issue 3 2025 Page 3118-3126
MLA GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. "RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11.3(2025) : 3118-3126.
APA GABRIEL D. GARIL, & ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. (2025). RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(3), 3118-3126.
Chicago GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. "RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11, no. 3 (2025) : 3118-3126.
Oxford GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. 'RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 3, 2025, p. 3118-3126. Available from IJARIIE, http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/RHETORICAL_PATTERNS_AND_LINGUISTIC_MARKERS_ON_STUDENTS__ESSAYS__AN_AI_ASSISTED_ANALYSIS_ijariie26853.pdf (Accessed : 10 June 2025).
Harvard GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. (2025) 'RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(3), pp. 3118-3126IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/RHETORICAL_PATTERNS_AND_LINGUISTIC_MARKERS_ON_STUDENTS__ESSAYS__AN_AI_ASSISTED_ANALYSIS_ijariie26853.pdf (Accessed : 10 June 2025)
IEEE GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES, "RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 3118-3126, May-Jun 2025. [Online]. Available: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/RHETORICAL_PATTERNS_AND_LINGUISTIC_MARKERS_ON_STUDENTS__ESSAYS__AN_AI_ASSISTED_ANALYSIS_ijariie26853.pdf [Accessed : 10 June 2025].
Turabian GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. "RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 11 number 3 (10 June 2025).
Vancouver GABRIEL D. GARIL, and ANA CRISTINA G. FORTES. RHETORICAL PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC MARKERS ON STUDENTS' ESSAYS: AN AI-ASSISTED ANALYSIS. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2025 [Cited : 10 June 2025]; 11(3) : 3118-3126. Available from: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/RHETORICAL_PATTERNS_AND_LINGUISTIC_MARKERS_ON_STUDENTS__ESSAYS__AN_AI_ASSISTED_ANALYSIS_ijariie26853.pdf
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