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Title: :  Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center
PaperId: :  27972
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 12 Issue 1 2026
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-27972
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
HERMELYN S. MORIALNORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLISNORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
GRACE Z. CAHILOGNORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
MARICEL O. VISAYANNORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

Abstract

Education
Foundational Literacy, Foundational Numeracy, Key Stage 1 (Kindergarten to Grade 6), Teaching Strategies, Play-Based Learning, Differentiated Instruction, Contextualized Materials, Inclusive Education, Special Education (SPED), Learner Engagement, Instructional Effectiveness, Professional Development, Philippine Basic Education, Mixed-Methods Research
This study, entitled “Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center”, examines the instructional approaches employed by Kindergarten to Grade 3 teachers in developing pupils’ essential early learning competencies. The primary objective is to identify effective teaching strategies that enhance literacy and numeracy foundations while exploring the challenges educators encounter in diverse classroom contexts, including special education settings. A mixed-methods design was utilized, combining quantitative data from standardized literacy and numeracy assessments with qualitative insights from classroom observations, teacher interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative findings revealed significant improvements in reading fluency, comprehension, and basic arithmetic skills among pupils exposed to interactive, play-based, and differentiated strategies. Qualitative results underscored the importance of contextualized materials, teacher creativity, and supportive classroom environments in sustaining learner engagement, particularly for children with special needs. Reflection on the findings highlights that while structured instructional strategies yield measurable academic gains, the adaptability, resourcefulness, and well-being of teachers remain central to sustaining effective practice. The study concludes that empowering Key Stage 1 educators through continuous professional development, resource support, and collaborative learning communities is vital for strengthening foundational literacy and numeracy skills, thereby ensuring pupils’ readiness for higher-level academic demands and fostering inclusive educational excellence.

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IJARIIE HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 12 Issue 1 2026 Page 437-444
MLA HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 12.1(2026) : 437-444.
APA HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, & MARICEL O. VISAYAN. (2026). Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 12(1), 437-444.
Chicago HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 12, no. 1 (2026) : 437-444.
Oxford HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. 'Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 12, no. 1, 2026, p. 437-444. Available from IJARIIE, http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Teaching_Strategies_of_Key_Stage_1_Teachers_for_Strengthening_Foundational_Literacy_and_Numeracy_Skills_in_Mariano_Espina_Memorial_Central_Elementary_School_and_SPED_Center_ijariie27972.pdf (Accessed : ).
Harvard HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. (2026) 'Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 12(1), pp. 437-444IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Teaching_Strategies_of_Key_Stage_1_Teachers_for_Strengthening_Foundational_Literacy_and_Numeracy_Skills_in_Mariano_Espina_Memorial_Central_Elementary_School_and_SPED_Center_ijariie27972.pdf (Accessed : )
IEEE HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN, "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 437-444, Jan-Feb 2026. [Online]. Available: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Teaching_Strategies_of_Key_Stage_1_Teachers_for_Strengthening_Foundational_Literacy_and_Numeracy_Skills_in_Mariano_Espina_Memorial_Central_Elementary_School_and_SPED_Center_ijariie27972.pdf [Accessed : ].
Turabian HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 12 number 1 ().
Vancouver HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN. Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2026 [Cited : ]; 12(1) : 437-444. Available from: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Teaching_Strategies_of_Key_Stage_1_Teachers_for_Strengthening_Foundational_Literacy_and_Numeracy_Skills_in_Mariano_Espina_Memorial_Central_Elementary_School_and_SPED_Center_ijariie27972.pdf
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