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Title: :  Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis
PaperId: :  28304
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 12 Issue 2 2026
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-28304
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
Ashlesha MandapeVBCOP, AMARAVTI

Abstract

Pharmacy
-
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but rapidly fatal brain infection caused by the thermophilic amoeba Naegleria fowleri. The disease primarily affects healthy individuals exposed to warm freshwater, where trophozoites enter via the nasal cavity and migrate along the olfactory nerve to the brain. Once in the central nervous system, the amoeba triggers extensive tissue destruction through proteolytic enzymes, pore-forming proteins, and immune evasion strategies. This review outlines the organism’s life cycle, environmental resilience, and genomic plasticity, including the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in delivering virulence factors and modulating host immunity. The host’s immune response, though rapid, often causes collateral damage through neutrophil infiltration, cytokine storms, and blood–brain barrier disruption. Diagnostic advancements such as PCR, immunofluorescence, and molecular assays have improved early detection. Treatment remains challenging, relying on early administration of amphotericin B, miltefosine, and azole antifungals, supported by intensive neurocritical care. Emerging nanomedicine-based delivery systems offer promise for targeted, less toxic therapies. Preventive strategies emphasize public education, safe water practices, and environmental monitoring.

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IJARIIE Ashlesha Mandape. "Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 12 Issue 2 2026 Page 1337-1350
MLA Ashlesha Mandape. "Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 12.2(2026) : 1337-1350.
APA Ashlesha Mandape. (2026). Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 12(2), 1337-1350.
Chicago Ashlesha Mandape. "Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 12, no. 2 (2026) : 1337-1350.
Oxford Ashlesha Mandape. 'Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 12, no. 2, 2026, p. 1337-1350. Available from IJARIIE, http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Compressive_review_in_Diagnosis_and__Treatment_of_Primary_Amoebic_Meningoencephalitis_ijariie28304.pdf (Accessed : ).
Harvard Ashlesha Mandape. (2026) 'Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 12(2), pp. 1337-1350IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Compressive_review_in_Diagnosis_and__Treatment_of_Primary_Amoebic_Meningoencephalitis_ijariie28304.pdf (Accessed : )
IEEE Ashlesha Mandape, "Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1337-1350, Mar-App 2026. [Online]. Available: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Compressive_review_in_Diagnosis_and__Treatment_of_Primary_Amoebic_Meningoencephalitis_ijariie28304.pdf [Accessed : ].
Turabian Ashlesha Mandape. "Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 12 number 2 ().
Vancouver Ashlesha Mandape. Compressive review in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2026 [Cited : ]; 12(2) : 1337-1350. Available from: http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Compressive_review_in_Diagnosis_and__Treatment_of_Primary_Amoebic_Meningoencephalitis_ijariie28304.pdf
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