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Background: All over the world, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is becoming more common. Complications such as neuropathy, cardiovascular problems, and retinopathy place a heavy burden on both individuals and healthcare systems. It’s important to understand diabetes, how to manage it, and what you can do to avoid it. Patient outcomes are impacted by differences in diabetes knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) based on socioeconomic and cultural factors. The two most important things in managing diabetes are dietary adjustments and more exercise. Future endeavors will be informed by research that attempts to evaluate community awareness of diabetes and its influence on preventative and management behaviors.
Objective: Analyzing patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus's knowledge, attitudes, and current dietary habits entails a thorough evaluation intended to ascertain how well-informed people are about their illness, how they see managing it, and what kind of food they currently consume. Examining elements, including patients' comprehension of type 2 diabetes mellitus's causes, symptoms, complications, and available treatments, is part of this. Furthermore, it entails investigating the attitudes, beliefs, and affective reactions of patients towards their diagnosis, in addition to their opinions regarding self-management and following medical advice. Analyzing food preferences, serving sizes, meal schedules, and patient adherence to dietary recommendations are also included. In order to improve patient education, support, and intervention techniques to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus management and outcomes, healthcare professionals can evaluate these factors in order to identify their strengths, shortcomings, and opportunities for improvement.
Methodology: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary habits, attitudes, and level of knowledge among Type 2 Diabetes patients at D.Y. Patil Hospital in Navi Mumbai. A total of 100 patients made up the sample, and the study lasted six months. Before any data was collected, ethical approval was received. A standardized questionnaire encompassing biographical data, knowledge, attitudes, habits, and frequency of food intake was used in the study. SPSS was used to code, analyze, and compile the data that came from patient assessments. Descriptive statistics for handling missing values, reporting through tables, lists, and figures, and demographic analysis were all included in the analysis.
Result: The study evaluates the demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and habits of T2DM patients. It emphasizes the necessity for tailored interventions to enhance nutritional knowledge and practices. Despite constraints such as a limited sample size, the major conclusions are: 37% report family history of T2DM, with a significant portion diagnosed for over 10 years; 21% report addictions, with alcohol being prevalent; knowledge gaps exist, especially in choosing whole fruits over juices; most recognize the importance of exercise but struggle with dietary modifications; mixed attitudes towards avoiding salts and sugars; low engagement in regular exercise despite medication usage; and varied consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, and legumes, with common.
Conclusion: The study, conducted at D.Y. Patil Hospital in Navi Mumbai, observed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients' dietary habits, attitudes, and practices. Key findings include the impact of family history, the need to address lifestyle factors other than nutrition, and the identification of gaps in portion management and food selection. The study emphasizes the importance of individualized management strategies and focused interventions for T2DM patients to promote healthy eating habits, thereby enhancing disease management and quality of life.
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