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Title: :  Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework
PaperId: :  27387
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 11 Issue 4 2025
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-27387
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
Shakthi KumarCMR University

Abstract

Computer Engineering
Reinforcement Learning (RL), Warehouse Robotics, Human-in-the-Loop (HITL), Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), Visual Ambiguity, Policy Entropy, Safe Autonomy, Confidence Thresholding, Ethical AI, Autonomous Navigation
As warehouse automation becomes increasingly dependent on autonomous robotic agents, ensuring safe and trustworthy decision-making under real-world uncertainty has become a critical challenge. Conventional reinforcement learning (RL) models though highly effective in simulation often falter in dynamic environments where visual ambiguity, sensor noise, and human interference are common. This paper proposes a novel hybrid architecture that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for visual perception, a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) agent for control, and a Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) escalation framework guided by real-time confidence and policy entropy thresholds. When the system detects high uncertainty either from low visual classification confidence or elevated policy entropy it escalates the decision to a human supervisor, allowing for safe intervention without halting autonomy. This selective intervention reduces error rates while maintaining system efficiency. Experimental results in a simulated warehouse environment demonstrate a 60% reduction in false positives, with under 10% of decisions requiring human oversight. Furthermore, the architecture is designed with extensibility toward Explainable AI (XAI), offering a path for future systems to justify actions autonomously, replacing human input with machine-generated transparency. The proposed framework thus offers a scalable, ethically aligned approach to safe reinforcement learning in high-stakes autonomous robotics.

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IJARIIE Shakthi Kumar. "Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 11 Issue 4 2025 Page 3793-3803
MLA Shakthi Kumar. "Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11.4(2025) : 3793-3803.
APA Shakthi Kumar. (2025). Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(4), 3793-3803.
Chicago Shakthi Kumar. "Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11, no. 4 (2025) : 3793-3803.
Oxford Shakthi Kumar. 'Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 4, 2025, p. 3793-3803. Available from IJARIIE, https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Confidence_Guided_Escalation_in_Warehouse_Robotics__A_Human_in_the_Loop_Reinforcement_Learning_Framework_ijariie27387.pdf (Accessed : ).
Harvard Shakthi Kumar. (2025) 'Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(4), pp. 3793-3803IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Confidence_Guided_Escalation_in_Warehouse_Robotics__A_Human_in_the_Loop_Reinforcement_Learning_Framework_ijariie27387.pdf (Accessed : )
IEEE Shakthi Kumar, "Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 3793-3803, Jul-Aug 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Confidence_Guided_Escalation_in_Warehouse_Robotics__A_Human_in_the_Loop_Reinforcement_Learning_Framework_ijariie27387.pdf [Accessed : ].
Turabian Shakthi Kumar. "Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 11 number 4 ().
Vancouver Shakthi Kumar. Confidence-Guided Escalation in Warehouse Robotics: A Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning Framework. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2025 [Cited : ]; 11(4) : 3793-3803. Available from: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Confidence_Guided_Escalation_in_Warehouse_Robotics__A_Human_in_the_Loop_Reinforcement_Learning_Framework_ijariie27387.pdf
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