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Title: :  Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study
PaperId: :  27775
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 11 Issue 6 2025
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-27775
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
Er. MunBahadur KhadkaUniversity Research Fellow Faculty of Humanities and Social Science Shri Raamswaroop Memorial University, Village Hahduri, Post Tindola, Lucknow Dewa Road, Barabanki,Uttar Pradesh 225003, India
Dr. AMAR PAL SINGHFaculty of Humanities and Social Science ,Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University,Village Hahduri, Post Tindola, Lucknow Dewa Road, Barabanki,Uttar Pradesh 225003, India

Abstract

Social Sciences
Trajectory, Sanitation,Hygiene,Himalayan, Tarain, Nepal
Sanitation and hygiene remain central to improving public health and reducing disease burden in Nepal. Despite national progress, regional disparities persist, especially between geographically difficult Himalayan regions and the densely populated Terrain plains. This study examined sanitation trajectories across two major ecological zones-Himalayan and Terrain and compared urban and rural differences within each zone. A total 300 respondents participated. With equal representation from the Himalayan (150) and Terrain regions (150), subdivided into urban (75 each) and rural (75 each) areas. Quantitative data were collected using a structured survey covering household sanitation awareness. Findings showed that Terrain urban areas demonstrated the highest sanitation standards, whereas rural Himalayan areas exhibited significant infrastructural challenges. Hygiene practices such as hand washing, menstrual hygiene management, and safe water storage varied by region, with socioeconomic, climatic, and infrastructural factors shaping the differences. The study highlights the need for tailored interventions that consider geographical vulnerabilities and cultural contexts.

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IJARIIE Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. "Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 11 Issue 6 2025 Page 1133-1140
MLA Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. "Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11.6(2025) : 1133-1140.
APA Er. MunBahadur Khadka, & Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. (2025). Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(6), 1133-1140.
Chicago Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. "Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11, no. 6 (2025) : 1133-1140.
Oxford Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. 'Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 6, 2025, p. 1133-1140. Available from IJARIIE, https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Trajectories_of_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_practices_in_Himalayan_and_Terrain_region_of_Nepal__A_Comparative_Study_ijariie27775.pdf (Accessed : ).
Harvard Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. (2025) 'Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(6), pp. 1133-1140IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Trajectories_of_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_practices_in_Himalayan_and_Terrain_region_of_Nepal__A_Comparative_Study_ijariie27775.pdf (Accessed : )
IEEE Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH, "Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1133-1140, Nov-Dec 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Trajectories_of_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_practices_in_Himalayan_and_Terrain_region_of_Nepal__A_Comparative_Study_ijariie27775.pdf [Accessed : ].
Turabian Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. "Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 11 number 6 ().
Vancouver Er. MunBahadur Khadka, and Dr. AMAR PAL SINGH. Trajectories of Sanitation and Hygiene practices in Himalayan and Terrain region of Nepal: A Comparative Study. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2025 [Cited : ]; 11(6) : 1133-1140. Available from: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Trajectories_of_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_practices_in_Himalayan_and_Terrain_region_of_Nepal__A_Comparative_Study_ijariie27775.pdf
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