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Title: :  To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review
PaperId: :  27861
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 11 Issue 6 2025
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-27861
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
Mujeeb-Ur-RehmanDepartment of Pediatric And Congenital Cardiac Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Ürümqi,Xinjiang,China
Najeeb UllahDepartment of Endocrinology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Ürümqi,Xinjiang,China
Mubashir HasanDepartment of Radiology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Ürümqi,Xinjiang,China
(Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang Dept. of Orthopedics and Micro vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Ürümqi,Xinjiang,China

Abstract

Medicine/Surgery
Atrial septal defect (ASD), congenital cardiac surgery, right vertical infra-axillary thoracotomy (RVIA), median sternotomy (MS), Length of hospital stay (LOS)
Atrial septal defect (ASD) repair remains a cornerstone of congenital cardiac surgery, with surgical approaches evolving to prioritize minimally invasive techniques without compromising outcomes. This clinical review synthesizes 47 high-quality observational studies and randomized controlled trials (2015–2025) encompassing 8,923 pediatric and adult ASD patients to directly compare the efficacy of right vertical infra-axillary thoracotomy (RVIA)—a minimally invasive approach—versus standard median sternotomy (MS). Key endpoints evaluated included operative time, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration, postoperative pain scores, length of hospital stay (LOS), cosmetic satisfaction, and major complication rates (bleeding, infection, residual shunt). RVIA was associated with significantly lower postoperative pain (median visual analog scale [VAS] score: 2.1 vs. 4.3 at 24 hours), shorter LOS (3.2 vs. 5.1 days), and higher cosmetic satisfaction (92% vs. 68% of patients reporting "excellent" outcomes). Operative time (118 vs. 105 minutes) and CPB duration (52 vs. 47 minutes) were marginally longer with RVIA, but these differences did not translate to increased complications: major adverse event rates were comparable (2.3% for RVIA vs. 2.1% for MS). Subgroup analysis confirmed RVIA’s superiority in pediatric patients (<12 years) and small-to-moderate ASD defects (<20 mm), while MS remained preferred for large defects (>25 mm) and concurrent cardiac anomalies. This review concludes that RVIA is a safe, effective alternative to MS for uncomplicated ASD repair, offering meaningful patient-centered benefits (reduced pain, better cosmesis, faster recovery) with no tradeoffs in safety. These findings support broader adoption of RVIA in clinical practice, particularly for patients prioritizing minimally invasive care and cosmetic outcomes

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IJARIIE Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . "To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 11 Issue 6 2025 Page 1815-1823
MLA Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . "To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11.6(2025) : 1815-1823.
APA Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, & (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . (2025). To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(6), 1815-1823.
Chicago Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . "To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 11, no. 6 (2025) : 1815-1823.
Oxford Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . 'To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 6, 2025, p. 1815-1823. Available from IJARIIE, https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/To_analyse_the_comparison_of_Right_Vertical_Infra_Axillary_Thoracotomy_vs__Standard_Median_Sternotomy_for_Atrial_Septal_Defect_Repairs__A_Clinical_Review_ijariie27861.pdf (Accessed : ).
Harvard Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . (2025) 'To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(6), pp. 1815-1823IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/To_analyse_the_comparison_of_Right_Vertical_Infra_Axillary_Thoracotomy_vs__Standard_Median_Sternotomy_for_Atrial_Septal_Defect_Repairs__A_Clinical_Review_ijariie27861.pdf (Accessed : )
IEEE Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang , "To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1815-1823, Nov-Dec 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/To_analyse_the_comparison_of_Right_Vertical_Infra_Axillary_Thoracotomy_vs__Standard_Median_Sternotomy_for_Atrial_Septal_Defect_Repairs__A_Clinical_Review_ijariie27861.pdf [Accessed : ].
Turabian Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . "To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 11 number 6 ().
Vancouver Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Najeeb Ullah, Mubashir Hasan, and (Correspondence Author )Dr. Ma Chuang . To analyse the comparison of Right Vertical Infra-Axillary Thoracotomy vs. Standard Median Sternotomy for Atrial Septal Defect Repairs: A Clinical Review. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2025 [Cited : ]; 11(6) : 1815-1823. Available from: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/To_analyse_the_comparison_of_Right_Vertical_Infra_Axillary_Thoracotomy_vs__Standard_Median_Sternotomy_for_Atrial_Septal_Defect_Repairs__A_Clinical_Review_ijariie27861.pdf
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