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Title: :  Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour
PaperId: :  7110
Published in:   International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education
Publisher:   IJARIIE
e-ISSN:   2395-4396
Volume/Issue:    Volume 3 Issue 6 2017
DUI:    16.0415/IJARIIE-7110
Licence: :   IJARIIE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author NameAuthor Institute
bhukya prameelaAK Navajivan Women’s PG College

Abstract

zoology
colour; conspicuousness; escape behaviour; flight-initiation distance; sexual selection; fearfulness; sexual dimorphism.
Conspicuousness towards predators may influence escape behaviour (or ‘fearfulness’) among animals, with more conspicuous species initiating escape behaviour earlier. Among birds, for example, body size and colour may influence differences in escape behaviour between species, and possibly between the sexes of dimorphic species. We examined 19 bird species with varying degrees of body size and colour dimorphism (including individually marked and sexed monomorphic species), to examine whether these two potential measures of conspicuousness influence sex differences in flight- initiation distance (FID). Starting Distance (the distance at which an observer com- menced approaching a bird, which is an artefact of investigator behaviour; SD) was not correlated with dimorphism, so we used phylogenetically controlled models which explored the correlation between dimorphism and FID. Modelling indicated that only sex differences in SD correlated with sex differences in FID in these birds, and that dimorphism in either plumage or body size does not apparently correlate with sex dif- ferences in FID. These results suggest that, among the 19 bird species investigated, apparent differences in the conspicuousness to predators between the sexes do not influence escape behaviour. This suggests that either conspicuousness to predators does not influence escape distances in these species, or that sex differences in conspic- uousness were too subtle to result in variation in FIDs.

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IJARIIE bhukya prameela. "Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 3 Issue 6 2017 Page 1190-1197
MLA bhukya prameela. "Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 3.6(2017) : 1190-1197.
APA bhukya prameela. (2017). Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 3(6), 1190-1197.
Chicago bhukya prameela. "Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education 3, no. 6 (2017) : 1190-1197.
Oxford bhukya prameela. 'Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 3, no. 6, 2017, p. 1190-1197. Available from IJARIIE, https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Are_the_big_and_beautiful_less_bold__Differences_in_avian_fearfulness_between_the_sexes_in_relation_to_body_size_and_colour_ijariie7110.pdf (Accessed : ).
Harvard bhukya prameela. (2017) 'Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour', International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 3(6), pp. 1190-1197IJARIIE [Online]. Available at: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Are_the_big_and_beautiful_less_bold__Differences_in_avian_fearfulness_between_the_sexes_in_relation_to_body_size_and_colour_ijariie7110.pdf (Accessed : )
IEEE bhukya prameela, "Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour," International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1190-1197, Nov-Dec 2017. [Online]. Available: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Are_the_big_and_beautiful_less_bold__Differences_in_avian_fearfulness_between_the_sexes_in_relation_to_body_size_and_colour_ijariie7110.pdf [Accessed : ].
Turabian bhukya prameela. "Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour." International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Online]. volume 3 number 6 ().
Vancouver bhukya prameela. Are the big and beautiful less bold? Differences in avian fearfulness between the sexes in relation to body size and colour. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education [Internet]. 2017 [Cited : ]; 3(6) : 1190-1197. Available from: https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Are_the_big_and_beautiful_less_bold__Differences_in_avian_fearfulness_between_the_sexes_in_relation_to_body_size_and_colour_ijariie7110.pdf
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